Detection of Viral Infections by Innate Immunity

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and inflammasomes are a key part of the anti-viral innate immune system as they detect conserved viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A successful host response to infections critically depend on initial activation PRRs by viruses, mainly DNA RNA. The signalling pathways activated leads expression pro-inflammatory cytokines, recruit cells, type I III interferons which induction interferon stimulated genes (ISG), powerful virus restriction factors that establish “antiviral state”. Inflammasomes contribute responses through maturation interleukin (IL)-1 IL-18 triggering pyroptotic cell death. activity along with adaptive normally elimination, although disproportionate pathology. In this review we will discuss recent insights into influence PRR what means for mammalian host. We also comment how specific may be relevant SARS-CoV-2, responsible current COVID-19 pandemic, interacts immunity.